| React | Next.js |
|---|---|
| UI library | React-based application framework |
| Routing usually needs a separate library | File-system routing is built in |
| Rendering architecture is chosen by the developer or tooling | Supports server and client rendering patterns |
| Backend APIs require separate infrastructure or libraries | Can provide Route Handlers and Server Functions |
| Optimization depends on the chosen stack | Provides framework-level optimizations |